Caries en niños. ¿Maltrato infantil o ignorancia parental? / Caries in children. Child abuse or parental ignorance?

El maltrato infantil es un tema polémico en la actualidad, y se caracteriza por realizar acciones u omisiones intencionales destinadas a menoscabar o afectar la integridad física y/o psicológica de un menor. Frecuentemente se considera a la caries en niños como un indicador objetivo de maltrato infantil. La caries es una enfermedad extremadamente común en la población infantil en México y en el mundo, por lo que su relación con el maltrato infantil carece de un sustento real. El desarrollo de caries en niños no es un evento premeditado ni intencional, es más bien la consecuencia de malos hábitos higiénicos y dietéticos que el odontólogo tiene la obligación de corregir y erradicar para asistir a los pacientes pediátricos a recuperar su salud bucodental. El objetivo del presente artículo es debatir la relación entre la caries temprana de la infancia y el maltrato infantil (AU)

Child abuse is currently a controversial issue and is characterized by intentional actions or omissions intended to undermine the physical and/or psychological integrity of a minor. Caries in children is often considered an objective indicator of child abuse. Caries is an extremely common disease in the child population in Mexico and in the world, so its relationship with child abuse lacks any real support. The development of cavities in children is not a premeditated or intentional event, it is rather the consequence of poor hygienic and dietary habits that the dentist has the obligation to correct and eradicate in order to assist pediatric patients to regain their oral health. The aim of this article is to discuss the relationship between early childhood caries and child abuse (AU)

Enfermedades bucales y factores de riesgo en la población geriátrica perteneciente a un consultorio médico / Oral diseases and risk factors in the geriatric population of a family doctor's office

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal, desde noviembre de 2016 hasta abril de 2017, de los 166 adultos mayores pertenecientes al consultorio médico No 20 del Policlínico Carlos Juan Finlay del municipio de Santiago de Cuba, para evaluar la presencia de enfermedades bucodentales y los factores de riesgo. Para la recolección de la información se utilizó la encuesta de salud bucal de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y la historia de salud bucal familiar. Los hábitos nocivos como la deficiente higiene bucal y la dieta cariogénica, además de las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, fueron los factores de riesgo más comunes en esta población, en quienes la disfunción masticatoria y la caries dental constituyeron los problemas principales

A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 166 elderly belonging to the family doctor office No 20 of Carlos J Finlay Polyclinic in the municipality of Santiago de Cuba, was carried out from November, 2016 to April, 2017, to evaluate the presence of oral-dental diseases and risk factors. The survey of oral health from the World Health Organization and the medical record of family oral health were used for gathering the information. Harmful habits as poor oral hygiene and a cariogenic diet, besides non communicable chronic diseases, were the most common risk factors in this population, for whom masticatory dysfuntion and dental decay constituted the main problems

The role of human milk and sucrose on cariogenicity of microcosm biofilms

Abstract This study investigated the effect of human milk, alone and associated with sucrose, in the cariogenicity of biofilms in a microcosm biofilm model and compared with the cariogenicity of sucrose and bovine milk. Microcosm biofilms were grown in enamel discs in 24-well plates. Six growth conditions were studied: DMM (chemically defined artificial saliva - negative control), DMM with 1% of sucrose (DMM+s) (positive control), human milk with DMM, human milk with DMM+s, bovine milk with DMM, and bovine milk with DMM+s. After 5 days, the outcome variables surface hardness change (%SHC), microbiological composition of biofilms, and pH of supernatant were analyzed. All groups had significantly lower hardness loss compared to the DMM group with 1% of sucrose. Human and bovine milk associated with sucrose showed higher hardness loss. The supernatant pH values after 6 hours of different treatments were similar for the groups sucrose and human milk associated with sucrose (p>0.05). After 18 hours at rest in pure DMM, an increase in the pH of the supernatant was observed. Higher values of total microorganisms count were found for sucrose and bovine milk groups compared to the group supplemented only by DMM. Bovine milk group showed greater amount of total aciduric microorganisms in comparison to human milk group. Within the limits of this study, it can be infered that both human and cow milks have some cariogenic potential, although differing from sucrose in terms of mineral loss.

Avaliação de diários alimentares de crianças atendidas na clínica infantil de uma universidade privada de São Paulo / Daily food records evaluation of children treated in children's dental clinic of a private universidade de São Paulo

Como o início da ingestão da sacarose tem sido cada vez mais precoce, a avaliação da dieta infantil tem sido fundamental para enquadrar o paciente em um programa preventivo odontológico de qualidade e eficiência, para promoção de saúde bucal. Para a pesquisa, foram utilizados 60 diários alimentares, obtidos de prontuários de crianças atendidas na Clínica Odontológica Infantil de uma universidade privada de São Paulo, após aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa (CAAE 49117815.0.000.5512). O objetivo foi estabelecer o risco cariogênico da dieta. Esses diários foram analisados em relação à frequência de ingestão de sacarose e à pegajosidade dos alimentos ingeridos, para determinação do risco cariogênico da dieta. A pegajosidade dos alimentos ingeridos nas refeições principais e nas entre refeições apresentou uma diferença estatisticamente significante (p=0,0003). O número de entre refeições, apresentou um valor maior que o preconizado para um risco cariogênico baixo da dieta, que seria dois, porém não mostrou resultado estatisticamente significante. Os resultados permitiram concluir que o risco cariogênico da dieta foi alto e que para a elaboração de um protocolo preventivo é necessária a avaliação dos alimentos que apresentam consistência pegajosa, que implicam em um maior risco cariogênico da dieta, assim como a frequência de ingestão de alimentos, principalmente os que contem sacarose. Palavras-chave: cárie dental; dieta cariogênica; fatores de risco(AU)

Since the ingestion of sucrose has been increasingly premature, the assessment of a child's diet has been essential to integrate the patient in a quality and efficiency preventive dental program in order to promote the oral health. For the research, it was used 60 daily food records from the children treated at Children's Dental Clinic of the Universidade Paulista (FOUNIP) - Campus Indianópolis, São Paulo, after sanction by the Research Ethics Committee (CAAE 49117815.0.000.5512). The diaries were analyzed by the frequency of ingestion of sucrose and the stickiness of the food ingested, to determine the cariogenic risk's in a diet. The stickiness of the food eaten at main meals and between the meals showed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.0003). The number between meals, presented an higher recommended value for a low risk cariogenic diet, although it would be two, however it presented no significant results. Moreover, the results presented that for the preparation of a preventive protocol is necessary to estimate foods that have sticky consistency, which results in an higher cariogenic risk in a diet, furthermore as the frequency of ingested food, especially those that contain sucrose.(AU)